Why are scientists dropping mosquitoes from drones in Hawaii?

Hawaii

is home to a unique and diverse array of native bird species, many of which are found nowhere else in the world. However, these birds are facing a significant threat from an invasive species: mosquitoes. According to Vox Media, a drone flying over Hawaii’s remote forests is releasing containers filled with live mosquitoes. This approach is aimed at addressing the islands’ severe extinction crisis. Hawaii has lost hundreds of unique species due to invasive species like feral pigs and stray cats. With many native animals on the brink of extinction, scientists are working urgently to preserve what's left.

Extinction crisis of Hawaii's native birds

Hawaii's forest birds, particularly the iconic honeycreepers, are facing a threat from avian malaria, a disease transmitted by non-native mosquitoes. Climate change is exacerbating the issue, allowing mosquitoes to move into higher elevations, further threatening the remaining bird populations. Once thriving with over 50 species, today only 17 honeycreeper species remain, with many driven to extinction. Scientists are working to save these species because malaria is the primary cause of extinction. Researchers are looking into a novel way to help fight the disease: releasing mosquitoes via drones. A promising step in preserving Hawaii's priceless wildlife is this drone-based solution.

The problem: Mosquito-borne diseases

Early in the 20th century, mosquitoes were brought to the islands. They weren't indigenous to Hawaii. Since then, they have spread rapidly and are now a significant issue for the local birds. Many native bird species are killed by diseases like avian malaria and avian poxvirus, which are spread by mosquitoes.

The impact on native birds of Hawaii

The impact of mosquitoes on Hawaii's native bird population has been devastating. Numerous species are in grave danger of going extinct, including the Palila and the Akikiki. Since these species are unique to Hawaii, their extinction would be devastating not only for Hawaii’s ecosystem but also for the entire world.

Conservation efforts

Through a range of strategies, such as habitat restoration, captive breeding initiatives, and mosquito control, conservationists are attempting to preserve Hawaii's native bird population.Also read | Rare blood-red squid captured alive for the first time off Antarctica on camera